Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a vital and practical modality for renal replacement therapy in children, particularly in resourcepoor settings. Unlike haemodialysis, PD requires minimal infrastructure, is cost effective, and can be performed with relatively simple equipment, making it especially suitable for low-income regions. It is commonly used in the management of acute kidney injury, which is frequently caused by infections, dehydration, and sepsis in these settings, as well as for selected cases of chronic kidney disease.
PD offers several advantages in paediatric patients, including better haemodynamic stability, avoidance of vascular access, and suitability for infants and small children. However, its implementation is challenged by limited availability of supplies, risk of infections such as peritonitis, shortage of trained healthcare personnel, and late presentation of patients.
To address these challenges, healthcare providers often adopt innovative and adaptive strategies, including the use of improvised equipment and simplified treatment protocols. Despite these constraints, PD remains a life-saving intervention with outcomes largely dependent on early initiation, infection control, and adequate training of healthcare workers and caregivers.
In conclusion, peritoneal dialysis represents the most feasible and accessible form of paediatric dialysis in resource-limited settings, with significant potential to reduce mortality when appropriately implemented.
